Piston ring



Patented F ela'. 20, 1923. I

UNITED STATES .PATENT oFFlc Application led January 19, 1921. Serial No. 438,852.

Alied piston ring of the sectional leak-proof type, and especially a ring which will not only maintain a snug t with the cyllnder wall, but also with relation to the grooves formed in the piston for the reception of the rings.

Another object of the invention is to provide a base rlng which will permit practically any standard form of piston in use today to be litted with a type of ring forihing one of the features of the present invention.

Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction, combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, having reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing one form of the piston ring.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the same.

Fig. 3 shows another form of the pistou rin Fgig. 4 is a perspective view of the same.

Fig. 5 shows still another form of the piston ring.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the same.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and particularly to Figs. l and 2, A and B indicate a pair of superposed annular piston rings which` are so formed as to present a cylindrical exterior surface 2, adapted to engage the inner face of the cylinder wall, and which are rounded on their inner side, as indicated at 3, to permit them to seat or t a groove which is substantially semi-circular in cross-section. h

The rings A and B, are split, as indicated at 4, to permit the rings to be expanded when they are inserted or removed with relation to the grooves in the piston, and they are` otherwise similar in construction to most ordinary forms of piston rings; the only difference being that their innery faces are rounded as shown to permit them to fit a groove substantially semi-circular in shape. lhe rings shown in Figs. 1- and 2 require a special made piston, 1n the piston must be turned semi-circular to recelve the rings A and B. If it is desired to lit a standard form of piston, such as is provided, with piston grooves sub` stantially rectangular in shape, itbecomes c5 necessary to employ a. base ring such as shown at C. This ring is shown 1n Figs. 3 and 4. Its upper and lower surfaces are fiat, as at 5 and 6, and its inner face `is also -lat as at 7 The exterior face however is 70 provided with a sem1-circular groove 8 to receive the piston rings A and B as shown, Another form of the ring is shown in Figs.

5 and 6. ln this instance a base ring Dis also fitted with upper, lower and inner flat surfaces as indicated at 9, 10 and 11, respectively, but the exterior face is grooved 1n opposite directions as at 12 and 13 to permit the rings A and B to be reversed v wlth relation .to each other. This form of ring is desirable when it is desired to spread the rings apart in a vertical direction to maintain snug engagement with the upper and lower walls of the piston groove, and also where it is desired to equip standard plstons in use today. In fact either form of ring shown in Figs. 3 and' may be employed in this instance.

.in actual practice when employing the slmplest form of ring or that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it will be seen that snug engagement is maintained between the rings A and B and the grooves, and also with relation to the inner surface of the cylinder wall when the piston is in operation. For instance if the piston travels in a downward direction, rings A and B,which engage the cylinder wall, will tend to hang back and will thus be crowded upwardly in the piston groove, and asthis'is semi-circular in 100 cross-section, it will be seen that the drag produced on the rings will tend to force the same upwardly in the groove and at the same time outwardly due to the curved shape of the groove. snug lit isy in this manner obtained both between the rings and the seat or groove in the piston, and a still snugger fit isA maintained with relation to the outer surface of the rings and the cylinder proper as the rings do not only en-V gage the cylinder surface, due to the expansive action of the rings themselves, but

that is the grooves 60 ement by the eso due ro the fact that @hay are erowed ,ouwardy to a, certain extent on account of the outward movement efe-.used by the shape of the grooves. similar aomn.V WH o course take place as ier as the ring shown in Figs. 3 and 4: is concerner?, but even better engagement' maybe obtains@ by Le erpensve force of 1i; e Inner base ring C Winch is split as et 7.a. The type of rmg shown in Figs. 5 ami @is not seofaed to any great frictiona engagement of ne rings A und' E with reaon to the cyiuoer Well as they are aeose byrthe expanding acton of the inner ring This ring p1- sencs s Wedge-like exterior surface which Lens *co force the rings A enel B ouzwery and ai', the same time upwary and own- Warly against the upper an ower wams 9 andi@ of the isf-:on groove proves:

Having hus c eseribe my nventromwhet TL eam and desire to secure by Leers Paselt s- A pison ring comprising s, pear of spit superposed ennuar ser rings presenting e, cylindrca. @anterior surface for engagement with the cylinder Wald, anu a, rounded, inner surface to ft e substanmsly nrouee shaped groove.

2. The combination wish a, psion having Lessors en annuer groove formed heren, of e. ses?.

member in. said groove, u. pair of rings esrtried by said seat member. sei rings present ing a cylindricu exterior surface or engsgemenr, with the oylincer well, and 2, ounce infzeror surface for engagement with the see@ member.

3. l piston ring comprising e spi, ennu- Eurexpansoe bess ring,V seid ring having e substaniay semi-eirouar annular groove Jormei in irs exterior surface, and s pair of superposed rings adapted to seat in sai groove, sai rings being split and expensble, @n said rings vfpresentnng a. cylindrical exterior surface for engagement with the cylinder wail, and. having rounded inner surfaces for engagement with the semi-circuler groove. s A Euler expansbe spt rings,V said rings resting one upon the einer and presenting a cyindroal snusr exterior surface, and said rings presensng an inner curved surface, snr? a Piston for ehe reception of said rings, said. pxson having e groove presenting nened surfaces to forse the rings outwardly when subjected io reoiproesl movement.

S. WATERMAN.

pissen ring comprising a. pair of an- 

